Model Kepemimpinan Adaptif-Kenotik dalam Pengambilan Keputusan di Gereja Lokal Studi Kasus Tiga Praktisi di Kabupaten Supiori, Papua

Abstrak

This study analyzes models of Christian leadership in decision-making within local churches in Supiori Regency, Papua, employing a qualitative approach with an instrumental case study design. Data were gathered through focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, and participatory observation involving three church practitioners from different denominations and analyzed through a critical-thematic approach integrating adaptive leadership theory, participatory leadership, kenotic leadership, and theology of the cross. The findings identify three complementary leadership patterns: the biblical tri-functional model integrating the roles of priest, prophet, and king; the participatory-kenotic model emphasizing humility, dialogue, and congregational involvement; and the intuitive-charismatic model relying on sensitivity to the Holy Spirit's guidance through communal discernment. The study concludes that the adaptive-kenotic leadership model is the most contextually relevant theoretical construct for local churches, as it integrates rationality, participation, spiritual intuition, accountability, and the ethics of the cross. This model offers a contextual, ethical, and transformative leadership framework while opening pathways for pastoral practice that is responsive to local cultural diversity and the complexity of contemporary ecclesial ministry in Papua.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini menganalisis model kepemimpinan Kristen dalam pengambilan keputusan di gereja lokal di Kabupaten Supiori, Papua, melalui pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain studi kasus instrumental. Data diperoleh dari focus group discussion, wawancara mendalam, dan observasi partisipatif terhadap tiga praktisi gereja dari denominasi berbeda, kemudian dianalisis secara tematik-kritis dengan memadukan teori kepemimpinan adaptif, partisipatif, kenotik, dan teologi salib. Hasil penelitian mengidentifikasi tiga corak kepemimpinan yang saling melengkapi: model trifungsi Alkitabiah yang mengintegrasikan fungsi imam, nabi, dan raja; model partisipatif-kenotik yang menekankan kerendahan hati, dialog, dan keterlibatan jemaat; serta model intuitif-karismatik yang mengandalkan kepekaan terhadap pimpinan Roh Kudus melalui mekanisme pengujian komunal. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa model kepemimpinan adaptif-kenotik merupakan konstruksi teoretis yang paling relevan bagi gereja lokal karena mengintegrasikan rasionalitas, partisipasi, intuisi spiritual, akuntabilitas, dan etika salib. Model ini menawarkan kerangka kepemimpinan yang kontekstual, etis, dan transformatif, sekaligus membuka arah pengembangan praktik pastoral yang responsif terhadap keragaman budaya lokal serta kompleksitas pelayanan gerejawi kontemporer di Papua.