Model Pastoral Konseling dalam Menangani Trauma Korban Kekerasan Seksual di Gereja-gereja Lokal

Abstrak

This study analyzes pastoral counseling models in addressing trauma among sexual violence victims in local churches, focusing on congregations in Cianjur City. A qualitative approach with a descriptive-exploratory design was employed, involving six pastors selected purposively as participants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation, and then analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings indicate that pastoral counseling practices remain unsystematic and heavily dependent on pastors' personal experience. The approaches applied tend to emphasize spiritual reinforcement without grounding in theoretical counseling frameworks or trauma-informed perspectives. The study also identified limited pastoral competence in trauma handling, alongside socio-cultural barriers such as stigma and a culture of silence that impede the accompaniment process. Furthermore, no contextual and structured pastoral counseling model currently exists for addressing sexual violence victims within local church settings. These findings underscore the urgent need to develop a pastoral counseling model that holistically integrates theological, psychological, and socio-cultural dimensions. This study contributes both theoretically and practically to strengthening pastoral ministry that is more responsive to sexual violence issues within religious communities.

Abstrak

Penelitian ini menganalisis model pastoral konseling dalam menangani trauma korban kekerasan seksual di gereja lokal, dengan fokus pada gereja-gereja di Kota Cianjur. Pendekatan kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif-eksploratif digunakan, melibatkan enam pendeta sebagai partisipan yang dipilih secara purposif. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi, dan dokumentasi, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik pastoral konseling masih belum sistematis dan bergantung pada pengalaman pribadi pendeta. Pendekatan yang digunakan cenderung berfokus pada penguatan spiritual tanpa kerangka konseling berbasis teori maupun pendekatan trauma-informed. Ditemukan pula keterbatasan kompetensi pendeta dalam menangani trauma serta hambatan sosial budaya berupa stigma dan budaya diam yang menghambat proses pendampingan. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi belum tersedianya model pastoral konseling yang kontekstual dan terstruktur bagi korban kekerasan seksual di gereja lokal. Diperlukan pengembangan model yang mengintegrasikan dimensi teologi, psikologi, dan konteks sosial-budaya secara holistik. Penelitian ini berkontribusi secara teoretis dan praktis dalam memperkuat pelayanan pastoral yang responsif terhadap isu kekerasan seksual di komunitas religius.