Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
type: channel
description: Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo adalah jurnal ilmiah (peer-review) yang memublikasi hasil riset di bidang keilmuan Teologi Kristen. Gracia Deo diterbitkan oleh Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Baptis, Jakarta, dengan ISSN 2655-6863 (Online). Jurnal ini terbit dua kali dalam setahun, yaitu pada bulan Januari dan Juli. Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo telah terakreditasi SINTA 3 oleh Direktur Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025.
publisher: Sekolah Tinggi Teologi Baptis, Jakarta
language: en
publication name: Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
issn: 2655-6871
items: Ekopedagogi Kristen Berbasis Metafora Tubuh Allah
items: Keselamatan dan Kekekalan Pernikahan
items: Beyond Evangelism
items: Reorientasi Eksistensi Manusia dalam Terang Missio Dei bagi Pendidikan Kristiani
items: Pedagogi Radikal untuk Pendidikan di Tanah Papua: Kajian Hermeneutik terhadap Matius 15:21-28 dalam Perspektif Etika Tanggung Jawab Lévinas
items: Kurikulum Pelatihan Guru Sekolah Minggu Berbasis Inner Touch
items: PPOS GBKP dan Spiritualitas Wounded Healer: Pelayanan Lansia dalam Perspektif Sistem Sosial
items: Kepemimpinan Kristen, Krisis Kebenaran, Peran Gereja Membangun Spiritualitas di Era Post-Truth
items: Manajemen Pelayanan Misi Kontemporer Berdasarkan Lukas 10:1-12 dan 17-20
items: Triperpsektif Frame sebagai Doktrin Iman dalam Pendidikan Kristiani
items: Menggagas Ulang Peran Gembala dalam Gereja Digital: Kepemimpinan Pelayanan dan Misi di Era Teknologi
items: Kepemimpinan Kristen dalam Mempertahankan Ketajaman Analisis terhadap Dampak Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence pada Pendidikan Agama Kristen
items: Entrepreneurship sebagai Strategi Misi: Revitalisasi Peran dalam Penanaman Gereja Baru
items: Dialog sebagai Misi: Reinterpretasi Amanat Agung dalam Konteks Pluralisme Indonesia
items: Gereja dan Pemberdayaan Ekonomi di Desa Ohoidertawun: Suatu Kajian Teologi Ekonomi dan Pariwisata
items: Pendekatan Psikospritual dalam Penanganan dan Pemulihan Perilaku Kelompok LGBT
items: Toxic Leadership Jean Lipman-Blumen: Sebuah Ekplorasi Biblis
items: Optimalisasi Penginjilan dan Pemuridan Vokasional sebagai Strategi Pelaksanaan Amanat Agung di Kalangan Generasi Muda
items: Kekuatan dalam Kelemahan: Gereja Perdana yang Resilien dan Rapuh sebagai Model Menggereja secara Pentakostal
items: Mengobati Tubuh, Merawat Jiwa: Benevolent Imperialism Hendrik Freerk Tillema dalam Misi Kesehatan Kristen di Era Kolonial
items: Kepemimpinan Pastoral Kristen di Era Post-Truth dan Digital: Rekonstruksi Paradigma Teosentris dalam Menghadapi Krisis Otoritas Rohani
items: Menelisik Dampak Konflik Kepentingan terhadap Gereja di Wilayah Nduga, Papua: Sebuah Kajian Teologis-Reflektif Kisah Para Rasul 4:23-31
items: Spiritualitas Mengampuni dalam Kajian Matius 18:21-35
items: Supremasi Yesus Kristus dalam Perspektif Teologi Kovenan: Analisis Teologis Ibrani 1:1-4
items: Memaknai Kepemimpinan Menurut Pola Persahabatan Yesus Berdasar Injil Yohanes 15:15
items: Politik Identitas dan Moderasi Beragama: Implikasi Teologis dalam Membangun Toleransi Sosial di Era Disrupsi
items: Gambar Allah yang Terluka: Refleksi Teologis Human Trafficking Bagi Gereja di Indonesia
items: Transformasi Spiritual Jemaat dalam Pembacaan Kisah Para Rasul 4:23-31: Studi Kasus di Gereja Assembly of God Lembah Klang, Malaysia
items: Memaknai "Pengampunan Tujuh Puluh Kali Tujuh Kali" dalam Bingkai Menjaga Keharmonisan Hubungan Suami-Istri
items: “Kekayaan yang Menumbuhkan Sayap”: Faktor Tindakan-Evaluasi terhadap Disorientasi Penggunaan Harta dalam Kajian Interpretatif Amsal 23:4-5

Ekopedagogi Kristen Berbasis Metafora Tubuh Allah
type: item
description: The current global ecological crisis is not only an environmental issue, but also a matter of faith, spirituality, and social justice. In Indonesia, deforestation, pollution, and conflicts between indigenous peoples and corporations show that ecological damage always has an impact on human suffering. The church, such as the Huria Kristen Batak Protestan (HKBP), which is the prophetic voice of the Batak people, affirms that ecological issues are integral to the identity of the faith. In creation theology, classical thinking and Indonesian theological reflections find radical expression in Sallie McFague's metaphor of “the world as the body of God.” This metaphor affirms that harming nature means harming God. However, the pedagogical dimension of this metaphor has not been systematically explored, especially in the context of faith education in Indonesia. This article employs a qualitative method grounded in a literature review, integrating McFague's eco-theological reflections and Karen B. Tye's six-aspect Christian pedagogical framework. The result is that the integration of the two can give rise to a transformative ecological pedagogy relevant to churches and Christian schools in Indonesia and contribute academically to the development of eco-theology. Abstrak Krisis ekologi global dewasa ini bukan hanya masalah lingkungan, melainkan juga masalah iman, spiritualitas, dan keadilan sosial. Di Indonesia, deforestasi, pencemaran, dan konflik masyarakat adat dengan korporasi menunjukkan bahwa kerusakan ekologis selalu berdampak pada penderitaan manusia. Gereja, seperti Huria Kristen Batak Protestan (HKBP) yang bersuara profetis Tanah Batak, menegaskan bahwa isu ekologi adalah bagian dari identitas iman. Dalam teologi penciptaan, pemikiran klasik hingga refleksi teolog Indonesia menemukan ekspresi radikal dalam metafora Sallie McFague tentang “dunia sebagai tubuh Allah”. Metafora ini menegaskan bahwa melukai alam berarti melukai Allah. Namun, dimensi pedagogis dari metaf…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Teologi Penciptaan, Sallie McFague, Tubuh Allah, Ekoteologi, Pedagogi Kristen, Karen B. Tye, Indonesia
  topic: keywords
creator: Rosyanti Siadari
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-31
publication date: 2026-01-31
starting page: 12
ending page: 23
doi: 10.46929/0ckfam77

Keselamatan dan Kekekalan Pernikahan
type: item
description: Today's Christian world frequently discusses marriage, divorce, and remarriage. Differences of opinion among God's servants regarding this matter frequently confuse the congregation. Therefore, we need to conduct research on Christian marriage and divorce literature from both soteriological and anthropological perspectives. The aim of this research is to answer whether divorced Christians who remarry can enter heaven, even though they are indicated to be living in adultery with their partner. Will the marriage relationship between a Christian husband and wife continue to exist in eternity? This research will employ qualitative methods, specifically a literature review. The results of this research are that first, Christians who divorce and remarry have fallen short of God's best design for their married life. But God will definitely forgive anyone who wants to repent and live righteously. There is still a guarantee of safety for couples like this who want to live their married lives wisely. Second, the marriage relationship between husband and wife on earth will be perfected in eternity. Abstrak Pernikahan, perceraian, dan pernikahan kembali menjadi isu yang sering dibahas dalam dunia kekristenan hingga saat ini. Perbedaan pendapat para hamba Tuhan mengenai hal ini sering kali menimbulkan kebingungan bagi jemaat. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai studi literatur pernikahan dan perceraian Kristen dari perspektif soteriologis dan antropologis. Adapun tujuan penelitian ini yaitu untuk menjawab apakah orang Kristen yang bercerai dan hidup, dan menikah lagi dapat masuk ke Sorga, sedangkan ia terindikasi hidup dalam perzinahan dengan pasangannya. Kemudian, apakah hubungan pernikahan dari sepasang suami istri Kristen akan tetap eksis di dalam kekekalan? Penelitian ini akan menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan jenis studi literatur. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa orang Kristen yang bercerai dan menikah lagi telah menyimpang dari rancangan ter…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christian marriage, divorce, eschatological, remarriage, soteriological, eskatologis, pernikahan kembali, pernikahan Kristen, perceraian, soteriologis
  topic: keywords
creator: Gregorius Suwito
creator: Jon
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-27
publication date: 2026-01-27
starting page: 38
ending page: 51
doi: 10.46929/6dad9d50

Beyond Evangelism
type: item
description: This study examines the theological foundations of koinonia as a missional framework that transcends traditional evangelistic approaches within Pentecostal theology. Through hermeneutical analysis and phenomenological methodology, this research examines how Pentecostal communities in Indonesia can foster interfaith friendships while maintaining theological integrity. The study argues that koinonia provides a robust theological foundation for mission that emphasizes relational transformation, rather than solely focusing on religious conversion, particularly in Indonesia's pluralistic context.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: evangelism, koinonia, mission of friendship, interfaith, theology of Pentecost
  topic: keywords
creator: Harls Evan R. Siahaan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-31
publication date: 2026-01-31
doi: 10.46929/vdw4zk88

Reorientasi Eksistensi Manusia dalam Terang Missio Dei bagi Pendidikan Kristiani
type: item
description: Christian education often succeeds in transmitting knowledge but frequently fails to guide learners toward understanding the meaning of their existence before God. Many learning processes stop at cognitive and moral achievements without nurturing awareness of the calling to live within God’s mission. The fundamental issue stems from a perspective that dissociates humans from their relationship with the Creator, resulting in an independent interpretation of meaning. Reorientation is needed by placing human existence in the light of the Missio Dei so that life is understood as participation in God’s work of reconciliation and restoration. This study integrates missional theology, human existence, and Christian education to formulate an educational direction that shapes persons who actively participate in God’s mission. The analysis shows the need for a shift from academically oriented education toward development that engages the mind, affections, and will. Educational success is measured not merely by knowledge but by lived faith, just relationships, a spirit of reconciliation, and involvement in communal restoration. Missio Dei, therefore, is not simply part of the curriculum but the foundation of the entire learning process. Christian education, rooted in the Missio Dei, directs human existence from self-orientation toward faithfulness to God and meaningful participation in God’s restorative work in the world. Abstrak Pendidikan Kristiani sering berhasil mentransmisikan pengetahuan tetapi kerap gagal menuntun manusia memahami makna keberadaannya di hadapan Allah. Banyak proses belajar berhenti pada capaian kognitif dan moral tanpa menumbuhkan kesadaran panggilan untuk hidup dalam misi Allah. Akar persoalan terletak pada pandangan yang memisahkan manusia dari relasi dengan Sang Pencipta, sehingga makna hidup dipahami secara otonom. Reorientasi diperlukan dengan menempatkan eksistensi manusia dalam terang Missio Dei agar hidup dilihat sebagai partisipasi dalam karya …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christian education, human existence, missio Dei, eksistensi manusia, kurikulum pendidikan kristiani, pendidikan Kristiani
  topic: keywords
creator: Aldrik Christian Prayfanca Ginting
creator: Nurmalia Pardede
creator: Herman Poroe
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2026-01-31
publication date: 2026-01-31
starting page: 24
ending page: 37
doi: 10.46929/k2eqd711

Pedagogi Radikal untuk Pendidikan di Tanah Papua: Kajian Hermeneutik terhadap Matius 15:21-28 dalam Perspektif Etika Tanggung Jawab Lévinas
type: item
description: This paper explores educational inequality in Papua through Emmanuel Lévinas's ethics of responsibility and an interpretation of Matthew 15:21-28. The research method used is qualitative with a hermeneutic approach. In this article, I present three arguments. First, the interpretation of biblical texts can be used to transform life. Second, Lévinas's theory is insufficient in addressing educational issues in Papua. Third, remembering, reclaiming, and re-presenting, derived from the interpretation of Matthew 15:21-28, are three stages in radical pedagogy. Radical pedagogy is capable of addressing highly complex educational issues and providing prosperous living conditions for the people of Papua. Abstrak Tulisan ini mengeksplorasi ketimpangan pendidikan di tanah Papua melalui pendekatan etika tanggung jawab Emmanuel Lévinas dan penafsiran terhadap Matius 15:21–28. Metode penelitian yang digunakan ialah kualitatif dengan pendekatan hermeneutik. Dalam artikel ini, saya mengemukakan tiga argumen. Pertama, penafsiran terhadap teks Alkitab dapat digunakan untuk mentransformasi kehidupan. Kedua, teori Lévinas belum memadai dalam menjawab persoalan pendidikan di tanah Papua. Ketiga, remembering, reclaiming, dan re-presenting yang dihasilkan melalui penafsiran terhadap Matius 15:21-28 merupakan tiga tahapan dalam pedagogi radikal. Pedagogi radikal mampu menjawab isu pendidikan yang sangat kompleks serta memberi kehidupan yang sejahtera bagi masyarakat Papua.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: education
  topic: keywords
subject: Lévinas
  topic: keywords
subject: Matthew 15
  topic: keywords
subject: 21–28
  topic: keywords
subject: Tanah Papua
  topic: keywords
subject: radical pedagogy
  topic: keywords
subject: Matius 15
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogi radikal
  topic: keywords
subject: pendidikan
  topic: keywords
creator: Astrid Bonik Lusi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 215
ending page: 230
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.263

Kurikulum Pelatihan Guru Sekolah Minggu Berbasis Inner Touch
type: item
description: The inner touch-based Sunday school teacher learning approach is an approach model that builds teacher competence as a teacher who can control the hearts of Sunday school children. An Inner Touch-based learning approach can also have a good impact on children attending Sunday school classes at church. This research aims to produce children's learning outcomes that prioritize the inner/heart dimension rather than the knowledge/brain dimension. This research uses a bibliographic method by using articles, books, and related documents as the subject and object of study in writing. From this research, it can be concluded that inner touch-based Sunday school teacher training is very important for Sunday school teacher training institutions and churches to provide knowledge for Sunday school teachers. Â Abstrak Pendekatan pembelajaran guru sekolah minggu berbasis inner touch merupakan model pendekatan yang membangun kompetensi guru sebagai pengajar yang bisa mengendalikan hati para anak-anak sekolah minggu. Pendekatan pembelajaran berbasis Inner Touch juga dapat memberikan dampak yang baik bagi anak dalam mengikuti kelas sekolah minggu di gereja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan pencapaian hasil belajar anak-anak yang memprioritaskan dimensi batin/hati bukan dimensi pengetahuan/otak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode bibliografi dengan menjadikan artikel, buku, serta dokumen yang berkaitan sebagai subjek dan objek kajian dalam penulisan. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan pelatihan guru sekolah minggu berbasis inner touch sangat penting dilakukan oleh lembaga pelatihan guru sekolah minggu dan gereja untuk memberikan pengetahuan bagi guru sekolah minggu. Â Â
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: children's spiritual education
  topic: keywords
subject: church education
  topic: keywords
subject: heart-based learning
  topic: keywords
subject: inner touch
  topic: keywords
subject: learning approach
  topic: keywords
subject: sunday school
  topic: keywords
subject: sunday school teacher
  topic: keywords
subject: guru sekolah minggu
  topic: keywords
subject: pembelajaran berbasis hati
  topic: keywords
subject: pendidikan gereja
  topic: keywords
subject: pendidikan spiritual anak
  topic: keywords
subject: pelat
  topic: keywords
creator: Rifky Serva Tuju
creator: Dinn Wahyudin
creator: Asep Herry Hermawan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 321
ending page: 333
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i2.289

PPOS GBKP dan Spiritualitas Wounded Healer: Pelayanan Lansia dalam Perspektif Sistem Sosial
type: item
description: This article explores the dynamics of pastoral care for the elderly within the context of PPOS GBKP (Pusat Pelayanan Orang Tua Sejahtera, or the Center for Elderly Ministry under the Batak Karo Protestant Church). Drawing on the theories of Niklas Luhmann's social systems and Henri J.M. Nouwen's concept of the wounded healer, this study examines how the structured division of labor and relational dynamics among staff, caregivers, and trainees influence the quality of care and spiritual formation. The research employs a qualitative, reflective approach using autoethnographic methods, drawing on the author’s two-month pastoral internship at PPOS. The findings show that each division functions as an interrelated subsystem, forming an adaptive network of ministry. More deeply, the study reveals that pastoral identity is not formed through authority or perfection but through wounds—suffering, exhaustion, and shared vulnerability. In this context, the experience of “being woundedâ€ becomes the space of encounter with Christ and with the brokenness of others. This article contributes to contextual theological discourse by offering a model of holistic elderly ministry rooted in spiritual empathy, organizational interconnectedness, and incarnational presence. Â Abstrak Artikel ini mengeksplorasi dinamika pelayanan pastoral bagi lanjut usia (lansia) dalam konteks PPOS GBKP (Pusat Pelayanan Orang Tua Sejahtera di bawah naungan Gereja Batak Karo Protestan). Dengan menggunakan teori sistem sosial dari Niklas Luhmann dan konsep wounded healer dari Henri J.M. Nouwen, studi ini menganalisis bagaimana pembagian kerja yang terstruktur serta relasi sosial antara pegawai, pengasuh, dan calon Vikaris magang membentuk kualitas pelayanan dan proses pembentukan spiritualitas pelayan. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif-reflektif melalui metode autoetnografi berdasarkan pengalaman magang pastoral penulis selama dua bulan di PPOS. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa setiap divisi di …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: elderly care
  topic: keywords
subject: GBKP
  topic: keywords
subject: pastoral care
  topic: keywords
subject: PPOS
  topic: keywords
subject: social system
  topic: keywords
subject: spirituality of the wounded healer
  topic: keywords
subject: wounded healer
  topic: keywords
subject: pelayanan lansia
  topic: keywords
subject: pelayanan pastoral
  topic: keywords
subject: sistem sosial
  topic: keywords
subject: spiritualitas wounded healer
  topic: keywords
creator: William Wahyu Sembiring
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-07-28
publication date: 2025-07-28
starting page: 309
ending page: 320
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i2.280

Kepemimpinan Kristen, Krisis Kebenaran, Peran Gereja Membangun Spiritualitas di Era Post-Truth
type: item
description: The post-truth era has created serious epistemological challenges to truth, authority, and spirituality in church life. Christian leadership, which should be the guardian of theological truth and spiritual guide for the congregation, now faces a crisis of trust and a degradation of theological values due to a flood of disinformation and moral relativism. This article aims to examine how Christian leadership can become a transformative force in responding to the crisis of truth and restoring the spirituality of the church. Using a practical theological approach through literature review employing qualitative-descriptive methods, this article concludes that the post-truth era and the crisis of truth present an epistemological challenge for the church. The church can continue to realize Christian leadership and the rehabilitation of the authority of truth by rebuilding its degraded spirituality. Thus, the church continues to strive for a theocentric model of Christian leadership for the post-truth era so that it can become a pillar in rebuilding spirituality rooted in authentic theological truth. Abstrak Era post-truth telah menciptakan tantangan epistemologis yang serius terhadap kebenaran, otoritas, dan spiritualitas dalam kehidupan bergereja. Kepemimpinan Kristen, yang seharusnya menjadi penjaga kebenaran teologis dan pembimbing spiritual umat, kini menghadapi krisis kepercayaan serta degradasi nilai-nilai teologis akibat banjir disinformasi dan relativisme moral. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji bagaimana kepemimpinan Kristen dapat menjadi kekuatan transformatif dalam merespons krisis kebenaran dan memulihkan spiritualitas gereja. Dengan pendekatan teologi praktis melalui studi pustaka dalam penggunaan metode kualitatif-deskriptif, artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa adanya era post-truth dan krisis kebenaran ini menjadi tantangan epistemologis bagi gereja, yang mana kepemimpinan Kristen dan rehabilitasi otoritas kebenaran terus dapat diwujudkan dalam membangun kembali sp…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: church spirituality; Christian leadership; post-truth era; practical theology; truth crisis; era post-truth; kepemimpinan Kristen; krisis kebenaran; spiritualitas gereja; teologi praktis
  topic: keywords
creator: Indra Richard Sigarlaki
creator: Debby Sandra Tendean
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 265
ending page: 275
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i2.285

Manajemen Pelayanan Misi Kontemporer Berdasarkan Lukas 10:1-12 dan 17-20
type: item
description: This paper discusses Luke 10:1–12 and 17–20 as a theological and managerial guide for contemporary mission ministry. Although originally Jesus' direct instructions to his seventy disciples, this text contains principles that are radical, universal, and relevant to the modern church. This study highlights that Jesus' instruction was not just technical direction, but a God-centered mission management model. Through an exegetical-hermeneutic approach and a review of the mission literature, it was found that the mission model of Luke 10 differs fundamentally from the human-centered approach that often appears in some modern mission movements. Luke 10:1-12 and 17-20 present mission ministry management that can be implemented in the contemporary era. We conclude that contemporary mission service management includes: preparing, strategizing, implementing, following up, and evaluating mission services
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: contemporary mission ministry
  topic: keywords
subject: Luke 10
  topic: keywords
subject: management
  topic: keywords
creator: Tutur Parade Tua Panjaitan
creator: Ferdinand Iskandar
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 276
ending page: 289
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i2.297

Triperpsektif Frame sebagai Doktrin Iman dalam Pendidikan Kristiani
type: item
description: This article aims to tell Christians about the tri-perspective frame as a doctrine and its essence in Christian education. Doctrine is the principle of faith or teachings of a belief or religion. Christian education is a discipline and effort systematically designed so that people uncover life in Christ and experience spiritual growth. Doctrine and Christian education are different, but the two cannot be separated; doctrine needs to be implied, and Christian education requires doctrine as the basis for its realization. This research involves a qualitative study that analyzes descriptive literature. The entire process of analysis, discussion, and construction is within the perspective and construction of Christian theology. The conclusions or results of the research, derived from the tri-perspective framework, include the doctrine of Christian education, the Bible as the highest and authoritative norm, the integration of science, and the integrity and capability of educators. Abstrak Artikel ini bertujuan memberikan wawasan kepada umat Kristiani tentang triperspektif Frame sebagai doktrin dan implikasinya dalam pendidikan Kristiani. Doktrin ialah asas iman atau ajaran sebuah kepercayaan atau agama, sementara pendidikan Kristiani merupakan disiplin ilmu dan upaya yang dirancang secara sistematis agar orang-orang menemukan kehidupan dalam Kristus dan mengalami pertumbuhan rohani. Doktrin dan pendidikan Kristiani memang berbeda, namun keduanya tidak bisa dipisah. Doktrin perlu diimplikasikan, dan pendidikan Kristiani butuh doktrin sebagai dasar implikasinya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif studi pustaka analisis deskriptif. Keseluruhan proses analisis, diskusi, dan pembahasan berada dalam perspektif dan konstruksi teologi Kristen. Kesimpulan atau hasil penelitian yang diperoleh dari tiga perspektif: Frame sebagai doktrin dalam pendidikan Kristiani, Alkitab sebagai norma tertinggi dan berotoritas, integrasi dengan ilmu pengetahuan, dan integritas dan kapab…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christian doctrine
  topic: keywords
subject: Christian education
  topic: keywords
subject: Frame's tri-perspective
  topic: keywords
subject: doktrin Kristiani
  topic: keywords
subject: pendidikan kristiani
  topic: keywords
subject: triperspektif Frame
  topic: keywords
creator: Suyadi Tjhin
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 254
ending page: 264
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i2.295

Menggagas Ulang Peran Gembala dalam Gereja Digital: Kepemimpinan Pelayanan dan Misi di Era Teknologi
type: item
description: The development of digital technology has significantly changed social patterns in society related to interaction, communication, and even culture and service delivery in church life. Pastoral leadership is required to adapt to a service model that is not only physical but also virtual. This is due to the continuous advancement of generations and technology. These changes pose new challenges in maintaining spiritual authority, emotional closeness, and mission effectiveness in a digital society. The increasing use of digital platforms by churches during and after the Covid-19 pandemic demonstrates the impending need to reposition pastors' roles both theologically and practically. This research aims to reimagine the role of pastors in the digital context as a form of ministry and mission leadership that is relevant to the times. The research method used is qualitative with a literature study approach and contextual theological analysis. The findings revealed that digital pastors must amalgamate spirituality, technology, and congregational engagement within a transformative ministry paradigm. Pastoral leadership must be adaptive, communicative, and missionary in reaching people through digital media. The digital church should not be viewed as a substitute for the physical church; instead, it represents an expansion of service space that requires a new form of leadership characterized by reflection and innovation. Abstrak Perkembangan teknologi digital telah sangat mengubah cara orang berinteraksi, berkomunikasi, dan bahkan budaya, serta cara pelayanan dalam kehidupan bergereja. Kepemimpinan gembala dituntut untuk beradaptasi dengan model pelayanan yang tidak hanya bersifat fisik, tetapi juga virtual. Sebab generasi dan kemajuan teknologi selaras maju. Perubahan ini menimbulkan tantangan baru dalam mempertahankan otoritas spiritual, kedekatan emosional, dan efektivitas misi di tengah masyarakat digital. Adapun dengan adanya fenomena meningkatnya penggunaan platform digi…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: digital church
  topic: keywords
subject: leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: ministry
  topic: keywords
subject: mission
  topic: keywords
subject: pastor
  topic: keywords
subject: gereja digital
  topic: keywords
subject: kepemimpinan
  topic: keywords
subject: pelayanan
  topic: keywords
subject: misi
  topic: keywords
subject: gembala
  topic: keywords
creator: Elisa Nimbo Sumual
creator: Yonatan Alex Arifianto
creator: Yohana Fajar Rahayu
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 241
ending page: 253
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i2.278

Kepemimpinan Kristen dalam Mempertahankan Ketajaman Analisis terhadap Dampak Penggunaan Artificial Intelligence pada Pendidikan Agama Kristen
type: item
description: This study seeks to explore the role of Christian leadership in sustaining critical discernment regarding the impact of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on Christian religious education. Amid the rapid progression of digital technologies, there emerges a growing risk of diminished critical capacity among both learners and educators due to increasing reliance on AI systems. Christian leadership, rooted in theological values and the ethics of faith, serves a vital role in nurturing awareness, reflective engagement, and critical attitudes toward the use of technology. Employing a qualitative approach and literature-based analysis, this study finds that visionary and transformative Christian leaders are able to uphold the integrity of the learning process by balancing technological innovation with faith-based principles. Critical analysis is thus essential to ensure that Christian religious education does not succumb solely to efficiency but continues to emphasize character formation, spiritual depth, and intellectual growth. Therefore, Christian leadership is indispensable in ensuring that the implementation of AI supports—rather than replaces—the core values of faith-based education. Â Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran kepemimpinan Kristen dalam mempertahankan ketajaman analisis terhadap dampak penggunaan Artificial Intelligence (AI) bagi pendidikan agama Kristen. Di tengah kemajuan teknologi digital yang pesat, muncul risiko melemahnya daya kritis peserta didik dan pengajar akibat ketergantungan pada AI. Kepemimpinan Kristen yang berbasis nilai teologis dan etika iman memainkan peran strategis dalam menumbuhkan kesadaran, refleksi, dan sikap kritis terhadap pemanfaatan teknologi. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif dan kajian literatur, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pemimpin Kristen yang visioner dan transformatif mampu menjaga integritas proses pembelajaran dengan menyeimbangkan inovasi teknologi dan prinsip-prinsip iman. Ketajaman analisis menjadi ku…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: artificial intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Christian leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: Christian religious education
  topic: keywords
subject: critical discernment
  topic: keywords
subject: theological ethics
  topic: keywords
subject: etika teologi
  topic: keywords
subject: kepemimpinan Kristen
  topic: keywords
subject: ketajaman analisis
  topic: keywords
subject: pendidikan agama Kristen
  topic: keywords
creator: Semuel Linggi Topayung
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 290
ending page: 308
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i2.291

Entrepreneurship sebagai Strategi Misi: Revitalisasi Peran dalam Penanaman Gereja Baru
type: item
description: This study examines the significance of business in mission ministry strategies, particularly in integrating social and financial dimensions in new church planting. Often, people view mission ministry solely in a spiritual context, neglecting the actual social needs of the target communities. This results in an imbalance in the mission approach, which ignores the economic and social factors crucial to long-term sustainability. Therefore, it is important to integrate entrepreneurship into mission strategy, given its vital role in supporting the self-sufficiency of new churches and improving community welfare. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with a literature review approach to examine how entrepreneurship can serve as a legitimate tool for reaching people who do not yet know Christ, as well as its contributions to social and financial dimensions. The results show that entrepreneurship in mission strategy is not merely an add-on but an integral component of the social mandate that supports the mission's sustainable growth. Therefore, churches and sending agencies need to prepare senders with relevant entrepreneurial skills to ensure long-term mission effectiveness and success. Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan signifikansi peran bisnis dalam strategi pelayanan misi, khususnya dalam integrasi aspek sosial dan finansial dalam penanaman gereja baru. Sering kali, pelayanan misi dipandang hanya dalam konteks spiritual tanpa mempertimbangkan kebutuhan sosial yang nyata dalam masyarakat sasaran. Hal ini mengarah pada ketidakseimbangan dalam pendekatan misi, yang mengabaikan faktor ekonomi dan sosial yang sangat penting untuk keberlanjutan jangka panjang. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mengintegrasikan kewirausahaan dalam strategi misi, mengingat peran vitalnya dalam mendukung kemandirian gereja baru dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi literatur untuk…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: entrepreneurship; mission strategy; new church planting; social mandate; spiritual mandate; sustainability; keberlanjutan misi; kewirausahaan dalam misi; mandat sosial; mandat spiritual; penanaman gereja baru; strategi misi
creator: Imanuel Sukardi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 334
ending page: 343
doi: 10.46929/0xd9gk40

Dialog sebagai Misi: Reinterpretasi Amanat Agung dalam Konteks Pluralisme Indonesia
type: item
description: This article highlights the need to reinterpret the Christian mission in Indonesia, shifting from a colonial paradigm focused on church expansion toward a contextual mission grounded in local culture and interreligious dialogue. Previous studies have shown that traditional missions, from the Middle Ages to the early twentieth century, emphasized saving souls and church extension or church planting, often neglecting social transformation, cultural inclusion, and interfaith dialogue. Contemporary mission theologians, such as David J. Bosch, Andrew Kirk, Raimundo Panikkar, Paul Knitter, and Lalsangkima Pachuau, stress the importance of crossing religious boundaries, fostering community participation, and contextualizing mission praxis. However, the practical implementation of these perspectives in Indonesia remains limited, particularly in managing the tension between proselytism and dialogical engagement. This study employs a qualitative, library-based approach with critical-theological analysis. Findings indicate that interfaith dialogue can coexist with Christian mission, broadening the church’s vocation to address human welfare, cultural respect, and service to the marginalized. The originality of this research lies in the reinterpretation of the Great Commission as a mandate to realize the missio Dei in a reconciliatory, inclusive, and contextually grounded manner, offering a mission model relevant to Indonesia’s pluralistic society. Abstrak Artikel ini menyoroti perlunya reinterpretasi misi Kristen di Indonesia dari paradigma kolonial yang berfokus pada ekspansi gereja menuju model misi kontekstual berbasis budaya dan dialog antaragama. Studi terdahulu menegaskan bahwa misi tradisional, dari Abad Pertengahan hingga awal abad ke-20, menekankan penyelamatan jiwa dan pendirian gereja, seringkali mengabaikan transformasi sosial, inklusi budaya, dan dialog antaragama. Pergeseran paradigma misi kontemporer, sebagaimana dikemukakan oleh David J. Bosch, Andrew Kirk, Raim…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christian mission; Indonesian religious pluralism; interfaith dialogue; missio Dei; dialog antaragama; misi Kristen; pluralisme Indonesia
  topic: keywords
creator: Nofia Hudaya
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
date: 2025-07-30
publication date: 2025-07-30
starting page: 321
ending page: 333
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i2.293

Gereja dan Pemberdayaan Ekonomi di Desa Ohoidertawun: Suatu Kajian Teologi Ekonomi dan Pariwisata
type: item
description: Economic empowerment is an interesting issue to discuss because it has become an urgen-cy in people's lives from the past to the present. Economic empowerment can be done through vari-ous aspects, especially the tourism sector, which is considered promising. In this case, Ohoidertawun Village, as one of the destination locations that has received the title of tourist village, has shown a decrease in the economic percentage of the community. In this case, several indicators that cause this decline are internal factors (government/manager and community relations) and external factors (relations and support from outside entities). Therefore, a relevant method is needed to address these problems, and the application of the TED method is recommended, as well as encouraging the role of the church to jointly strive for community economic empowerment through the development of a holistic, comprehensive, and sustainable tourism sector. Abstrak Pemberdayaan ekonomi merupakan salah satu isu yang menarik untuk dibahas, karena menjadi urgensi dalam kehidupan masyarakat dari dahulu hingga masa kini. Adapun pemberdayaan ekonomi dapat dilakukan melalui berbagai aspek, khususnya bidang pariwisata yang di-nilai menjanjikan. Dalam hal ini, Desa Ohoidertawun sebagai salah satu lokasi destinasi yang telah mendapatkan gelar desa wisata telah menunjukkan adanya penurunan persentase ekonomi dari masyarakat. Dalam hal ini, beberapa indikator yang menjadi penyebab terjadinya penurunan ini adalah faktor internal (relasi pemerintah/pengelola dan masyarakat) dan faktor eksternal (relasi dan dukungan dari entitas luar). Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan metode yang relevan untuk menjawab penanganan masalah tersebut dan direkomendasikan penerapan metode TED, serta mendorong peran dari eksistensi gereja untuk bersama mengupayakan pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat melalui pengembangan pariwisata yang holistik, komprehensif, dan berkelanjutan.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: church
  topic: keywords
subject: economic empowerment
  topic: keywords
subject: Ohoidertawun
  topic: keywords
subject: gereja
  topic: keywords
subject: pemberdayaan ekonomi
  topic: keywords
creator: Feliks Elthon Sapulette
creator: Chelsea Sipahelut
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-17
publication date: 2025-01-17
starting page: 182
ending page: 190
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.257

Pendekatan Psikospritual dalam Penanganan dan Pemulihan Perilaku Kelompok LGBT
type: item
description: The phenomenon of LGBT (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) behavior has become a hot topic of discussion in society and the church, with varied responses. Some churches reject it outright, while others are open to accepting and nurturing LGBT people. This study aims to examine the psychospiritual approach in the recovery of LGBT behavior. The method used is descriptive qualitative to present the study and research findings related to this phenomenon. The research results show that LGBT behavior continues to this day, with LGBT individuals becoming increasingly bold in expressing their identity to gain social recognition and legal status. However, they also face social, psychological, and spiritual challenges, especially because they are not widely accepted in Indonesian society. From a psychological perspective, LGBT behavior is considered a mental disorder, while Christian theology views it as a sin because it contradicts the teachings of the Word of God. Nevertheless, the church needs to be open to providing pastoral counseling services with a psychospiritual approach to help the holistic recovery of LGBT people. Â Â Â Abstrak Fenomena perilaku LGBT (lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, dan Transgender) menjadi perbincangan hangat dalam masyarakat dan gereja, dengan tanggapan yang beragam. Beberapa gereja menolak tegas, sementara lainnya terbuka untuk menerima dan membina kelompok LGBT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pendekatan psikospritual dalam pemulihan perilaku LGBT. Metode yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif untuk memaparkan kajian dan hasil penelitian terkait fenomena ini. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku LGBT masih berlangsung hingga kini, dengan individu LGBT semakin berani mengungkapkan identitasnya untuk mendapatkan pengakuan sosial dan legalitas. Namun, mereka juga menghadapi tantangan sosial, psikologis, dan spiritual, terutama karena tidak diterima secara luas di masyarakat Indonesia. Dalam perspektif psikologi, perilaku LGBT dia…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: deviant sexual behavior
  topic: keywords
subject: LGBT community
  topic: keywords
subject: psychospiritual
  topic: keywords
subject: recovery
  topic: keywords
subject: kelompok LGBT
  topic: keywords
subject: psikospritual
  topic: keywords
subject: pemulihan
  topic: keywords
subject: perilaku seks menyimpang
  topic: keywords
creator: Djunaedi Djunaedi
creator: Yefta Yan Mangoli
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-30
publication date: 2025-01-30
starting page: 169
ending page: 181
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.272

Toxic Leadership Jean Lipman-Blumen: Sebuah Ekplorasi Biblis
type: item
description: Toxic leadership is not only found in countries or companies, but it has also infiltrated the church, particularly in churches located in low-education areas. Such leadership existed and was appreciated by followers because it addressed people's psychological need for an authoritative leader. The purpose of this study is to investigate toxic leadership and its symptoms, as outlined in Jean Lipman-Blumen's theory and the Bible, in the context of current church leadership. This descriptive qualitative research study employed a literature review approach. The research discoveries reveal that Lipman's theory identifies nine symptoms that align with the symptoms of toxic leadership in the Bible, which are relevant to contemporary church circumstances. This study has contributed to a good understanding of how to prevent and anticipate toxic leadership in the church. Â Abstrak Toxic leadership tidak hanya terdapat dalam kepemimpinan di suatu negara maupun perusahaan namun sudah masuk ke dalam gereja, khususnya gereja-gereja yang berada di wilayah berpendidikan rendah. Kepemimpinan seperti itu muncul dan disukai para pengikut karena relevan dengan kebutuhan psikogis orang untuk mendapatkan pemimpin yang berotoritas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menggali tentang kepemimpinan beracun dan gejalanya menurut teori Jean Lipman-Blumen dan gejalanya menurut Alkitab yang relevan dengan kepemimpinan gereja saat ini. Penelitian kualitatif deskriptif ini dilakukan dengan pendekatan kajian pustaka. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan ada sembilan gejala dalam teori Lipman yang sejalan dengan gejala kepemimpinan beracun menurut Alkitab dan relevan dengan kondisi gereja kontemporer. Kontribusi penelitian ini adalah pemahaman yang baik untuk mencegah dan mengantisipasi kepemimpinan beracun dalam gereja. Â Â
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: church leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: Jean Lipman-Blumen
  topic: keywords
subject: toxic leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: kepemimpinan gerejawi
  topic: keywords
subject: kepemimpinan beracun
  topic: keywords
creator: Yudha Ardiyanto
creator: Hikman Sirait
creator: Selviawati Selviawati
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-30
publication date: 2025-01-30
starting page: 142
ending page: 156
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.275

Optimalisasi Penginjilan dan Pemuridan Vokasional sebagai Strategi Pelaksanaan Amanat Agung di Kalangan Generasi Muda
type: item
description: Young people face a crisis in understanding faith and life calling amid secularization, while churches still use institutional approaches that are less relevant to their reality. This leads to stagnation in evangelism and weak discipleship, necessitating a new approach that is more contextual to the youth's world. This study aims to examine and formulate strategies for optimising evangelism and vocational discipleship as a transformative implementation of the Great Commission for the younger generation. The method employed is a descriptive, qualitative approach, incorporating a theological literature review and a contextual analysis of church practices. The findings indicate that the theology of the Great Commission holds significant urgency in shaping young people's understanding of vocation as a divine calling rooted in biblical and theological foundations. Vocational discipleship becomes a strategic means of equipping the younger generation to live out their faith in their professional and social contexts. The church needs to actualise itself as a community that nurtures and develops vocational discipleship systematically and sustainably. Â Abstrak Generasi muda menghadapi krisis dalam memaknai iman dan panggilan hidup di tengah sekularisasi, sementara gereja masih menggunakan pendekatan institusional yang kurang relevan dengan realitas mereka. Hal ini menyebabkan stagnasi penginjilan dan lemahnya pemuridan, sehingga diperlukan pendekatan baru yang lebih kontekstual dengan dunia anak muda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan merumuskan strategi optimalisasi penginjilan dan pemuridan vokasional sebagai bentuk pelaksanaan Amanat Agung yang berdampak transformatif bagi generasi muda. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan studi pustaka teologis dan analisis kontekstual terhadap praktik gerejawi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa teologi Amanat Agung memiliki urgensi besar dalam membentuk pemahaman generasi muda mengenai vokasi seba…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: divine calling
  topic: keywords
subject: evangelism strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: great commission
  topic: keywords
subject: vocational discipleship
  topic: keywords
subject: younger generation
  topic: keywords
subject: amanat agung
  topic: keywords
subject: generasi muda
  topic: keywords
subject: panggilan ilahi
  topic: keywords
subject: pemuridan vokasional
  topic: keywords
subject: strategi penginjilan
  topic: keywords
creator: Supardo S. P. Banjarnahor
creator: Kornelius Rulli Jonthans
creator: Haryadi Sarjono
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-30
publication date: 2025-01-30
starting page: 80
ending page: 91
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.282

Kekuatan dalam Kelemahan: Gereja Perdana yang Resilien dan Rapuh sebagai Model Menggereja secara Pentakostal
type: item
description: This article examines the paradox of the early church, which simultaneously exhibits both resilient and fragile characteristics in its development. Through the lens of contemporary Pentecostal theology, this study examines how the early Christian community persisted and flourished amid external challenges, such as persecution, and internal pressures exemplified by identity conflicts. The analysis demonstrates that the early church's resilience was rooted precisely in its acknowledgment of fragility. This ecclesiological model provides valuable insights for the contemporary church as it confronts an increasingly complex world. This article proposes that Pentecostal theology can offer a fresh interpretive framework for understanding the dynamics of strength in weakness that characterize the apostolic church by integrating pneumatological readings of the Book of Acts. Â Abstrak Artikel ini mengeksplorasi paradoks gereja perdana yang sekaligus menampilkan karakter resilien dan rapuh dalam perkembangannya. Melalui lensa teologi Pentakostal kontemporer, tulisan ini menelaah bagaimana komunitas Kristen awal bertahan dan berkembang di tengah tantangan eksternal berupa penganiayaan dan tekanan internal berupa konflik identitas. Analisis ini menunjukkan bahwa resiliensi gereja perdana justru berakar pada pengakuan atas kerapuhannya, sebuah model eklesiologi yang dapat memberikan wawasan berharga bagi gereja kontemporer dalam menghadapi dunia yang semakin kompleks. Dengan mengintegrasikan pembacaan pneumatologis atas kitab Kisah Para Rasul, artikel ini mengusulkan bahwa teologi Pentakostal dapat memberikan kerangka interpretatif yang segar untuk memahami dinamika kekuatan-dalam-kelemahan yang menjadi karakteristik gereja apostolik. Â Â
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: early church
  topic: keywords
subject: fragile churches
  topic: keywords
subject: resilient church
  topic: keywords
subject: The Acts
  topic: keywords
subject: Pentecostal churches
  topic: keywords
subject: pneumatological ecclesiology
  topic: keywords
subject: eklesiologi pneumatologis
  topic: keywords
subject: gereja perdana
  topic: keywords
subject: gereja yang rapuh
  topic: keywords
subject: gereja yang resilien
  topic: keywords
subject: gereja Pentakostal
  topic: keywords
subject: Kisah para Rasul
  topic: keywords
creator: Harls Evan R. Siahaan
creator: Daniel E. Runtuwene
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-29
publication date: 2025-01-29
starting page: 131
ending page: 141
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.250

Mengobati Tubuh, Merawat Jiwa: Benevolent Imperialism Hendrik Freerk Tillema dalam Misi Kesehatan Kristen di Era Kolonial
type: item
description: This study analyzes the role of Hendrik Freerk Tillema (1870–1952) as a non-verbal Christian missionary agent within the framework of Dutch ethical colonialism in the Dutch East Indies. Through sanitation projects, healthy housing, and urban planning in Semarang and Bandung, Tillema embodied what is known as benevolent imperialism—a form of domination disguised in the language of compassion and service. He integrated Evangelical values into social and medical reforms, turning the body and space into loci of mission. However, his interventions also carried hegemonic dimensions, embedding Western moral standards into indigenous life. This study employs postcolonial and public theology approaches to interpret the ambiguity of Tillema’s role: as both savior and ruler. Consequently, this research presents a new interpretation of Christian mission history that is more critical, contextual, and reflective of the complex interplay between power and service. The study finds that while his interventions improved public health, they also served as tools of colonial discipline by reshaping native bodies and spaces. Tillema’s legacy embodies a dual mission—promoting social uplift while reinforcing Western moral order. This research advocates for a nuanced postcolonial reading of Christian mission, particularly in contexts where benevolence and domination are inextricably intertwined. Â Â Â Abstrak Penelitian ini menganalisis kiprah Hendrik Freerk Tillema (1870–1952) sebagai agen misi Kristen non-verbal dalam kerangka kolonialisme etis Hindia Belanda. Melalui proyek sanitasi, perumahan sehat, dan tata kota di Semarang dan Bandung, Tillema menjalankan apa yang disebut benevolent imperialism—dominasi kekuasaan yang dibungkus dalam bahasa kasih dan pelayanan. Ia mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai Injili dalam reformasi sosial dan medis, menjadikan tubuh dan ruang sebagai locus misi. Namun, intervensinya juga membawa dimensi hegemonik, menyisipkan standar moral Barat ke dalam…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: benevolent imperialism
  topic: keywords
subject: Christian mission
  topic: keywords
subject: ethical colonialism
  topic: keywords
subject: Hendrik Freerk Tillema
  topic: keywords
subject: sanitation
  topic: keywords
subject: kolonialisme etis
  topic: keywords
subject: misi Kristen
  topic: keywords
subject: sanitasi
  topic: keywords
creator: Anggi Maringan Hasiholan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-30
publication date: 2025-01-30
starting page: 118
ending page: 130
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.273

Kepemimpinan Pastoral Kristen di Era Post-Truth dan Digital: Rekonstruksi Paradigma Teosentris dalam Menghadapi Krisis Otoritas Rohani
type: item
description: Era post-truth dan digital telah membawa perubahan mendasar dalam cara masyarakat menerima, memproses, dan mempercayai informasi, termasuk dalam aspek kehidupan rohani dan keagamaan. Dalam konteks ini, kepemimpinan pastoral Kristen menghadapi tantangan serius berupa melemahnya otoritas rohani, meningkatnya disinformasi teologis, serta terjadinya dekonstruksi terhadap figur pemimpin rohani tradisional. Jurnal ini bertujuan untuk menawarkan suatu rekonstruksi paradigma kepemimpinan pastoral yang berpusat pada teosentrisme sebagai fondasi etis dan spiritual dalam menghadapi krisis ini. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif berbasis studi pustaka, penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa peran era post-truth dan disrupsi otoritas rohani dalam gereja dan juga memberikan pemahaman terkait teologi teosentris sebagai jawaban terhadap krisis kepemimpinan. Sehingga dari pemahaman tersebut kekristenan dapat merekonstruksi paradigma kepemimpinan pastoral di era digital. Dan tentunya hal ini dapat memunculkan arah baru kepemimpinan kristen dalam pastoral dan untuk memperkuat kembali otoritas kepemimpinan Kristen dalam menghadapi tantangan zaman post-truth dan dunia digital yang disruptif.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kepemimpinan Pastoral
  topic: keywords
subject: Era Post-Truth
  topic: keywords
subject: Digitalisasi
  topic: keywords
subject: Teosentrisme
  topic: keywords
subject: Otoritas Rohani
  topic: keywords
subject: Teologi Kontekstual
  topic: keywords
subject: Rekonstruksi Paradigma
  topic: keywords
creator: Indra Richard Sigarlaki
creator: Debby Sandra Tendean
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-30
publication date: 2025-01-30
starting page: 92
ending page: 101
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.283

Menelisik Dampak Konflik Kepentingan terhadap Gereja di Wilayah Nduga, Papua: Sebuah Kajian Teologis-Reflektif Kisah Para Rasul 4:23-31
type: item
description: The conflict in Papua, especially in Nduga, is influenced by multiple factors, including history, social, political, economic, and human rights considerations. The church plays a vital role as a place of refuge and reconciliation for congregations affected by the conflict. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, collecting data through interviews, observations, and literature studies. The analysis was conducted hermeneutically and thematically, based on Acts 4:23-31. The study's results show that the church faces an ethical dilemma in responding to the conflict, on the one hand, as an agent of peace, and on the other hand, under pressure from various parties. The congregation in Nduga faces social and economic uncertainty, as well as threats to their faith. The church in Nduga can emulate the early congregation by strengthening prayer, solidarity, and pastoral care for traumatized congregations. With the guidance of the Holy Spirit, the church can become a bridge of reconciliation and a place of healing and recovery for communities affected by conflict. Â Â Â Abstrak Konflik di Papua, khususnya di Nduga, dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, seperti: sejarah, sosial, politik, ekonomi, hingga hak asasi manusia. Gereja berperan penting sebagai tempat perlindungan dan rekonsiliasi bagi jemaat yang terdampak konflik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan metode deskriptif-analitis, mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan studi pustaka. Analisis dilakukan secara hermeneutik dan tematik berdasarkan Kisah Para Rasul 4:23-31. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa gereja menghadapi dilema etis dalam menyikapi konflik, di satu sisi menjadi agen perdamaian, di sisi lain menghadapi tekanan dari berbagai pihak. Jemaat di Nduga mengalami ketidakpastian sosial dan ekonomi serta ancaman terhadap iman mereka. Gereja di Nduga dapat meneladani jemat mula-mula dengan memperkuat doa, solidaritas, dan pelayanan pastoral bagi jemaa…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Acts 4
  topic: keywords
subject: 23-31
  topic: keywords
subject: Nduga conflict
  topic: keywords
subject: Papua
  topic: keywords
subject: role of the church
  topic: keywords
subject: reconciliation
  topic: keywords
subject: Kisah Para Rasul 4
  topic: keywords
subject: konflik Nduga
  topic: keywords
subject: peran gereja
  topic: keywords
subject: rekonsiliasi
  topic: keywords
creator: Hery Susanto
creator: Urbanus Kogoya
creator: Sariyanto Sariyanto
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-30
publication date: 2025-01-30
starting page: 102
ending page: 117
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.277

Spiritualitas Mengampuni dalam Kajian Matius 18:21-35
type: item
description: Tidak bisa dipungkiri bahwa sikap mengampuni masih menjadi hal yang sulit untuk dilakukan. Tuhan Yesus memberikan pengajaran yang sangat penting tentang Mengampuni, yang sejatinya harus diperhatikan oleh setiap umat Tuhan maupun hamba-hamba Tuhan, khususnya dalam Injil Matius 18:21-35. Mengampuni ini adalah proses yang terus-menerus dilakukan sampai rasa sakit itu lenyap. Dapat dikatakan untuk mengampuni dengan sungguh-sungguh dan tanpa prasyarat membutuhkan progresif dengan melakukan refleksi, kontemplasi, dan pengolahan diri yang terus menerus, sehingga dimampukannya untuk menemukan kasih Allah dalam seluruh peristiwa hidupnya. Dengan demikian Allah sendiri yang mampu mengubah pola pikir untuk mudah mengampuni orang lain dengan tulus dan tanpa syarat. Â Hasil penelitian ini kontribusinya kepada jemaat-jemaat untuk memahami makna mengampuni sesuai pengajaran Tuhan Yesus. Hamba-hamba Tuhan memperhatikan permasalah jemaat dan setia membimbingnya. Sekolah-sekolah tinggi dituntut untuk membekali mahasiswa dengan pengetahuan.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: subjects
creator: Nofitasari Nofitasari
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-02-16
publication date: 2025-02-16
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.259

Supremasi Yesus Kristus dalam Perspektif Teologi Kovenan: Analisis Teologis Ibrani 1:1-4
type: item
description: This paper aims to theologically analyze Hebrews 1:1-4 to find the supremacy of Jesus Christ from the perspective of covenant theology. Hebrews 1:1-4 explains the superiority of Jesus Christ compared to the prophets of the Old Covenant. Even Jesus Christ is superior to the heavenly beings. From a covenantal perspective, Jesus Christ is central to the fulfillment of God's covenant. Jesus Christ succeeded in mediating the relationship between God and humanity that had been broken by sin. The supremacy of Jesus Christ also signifies his superiority in the priestly system. The supremacy of Jesus Christ signifies that He excelled in keeping the covenant of works that man failed to maintain due to his sinfulness. Hebrews 1:1-4 frames the supremacy of Jesus Christ that can be seen and explored through the perspective of covenant theology. Using a descriptive qualitative method, the author will theologically analyze Hebrews 1:1-4 to know the supremacy of Jesus Christ and relate it to the perspective of covenant theology. The author asserts that the dominance of Jesus Christ in Hebrews 1:1-4, viewed through the lens of a covenant perspective, has positive implications for Christian theology and the spiritual life of the church. Â Abstrak Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa secara teologis Ibrani 1:1-4 untuk menemukan supremasi Yesus Kristus dalam perspektif teologi kovenan. Ibrani 1:1-4 menjelaskan keunggulan Yesus Kristus dibandingkan oleh para nabi Perjanjian Lama. Bahkan Yesus Kristus lebih unggul daripada para mahkluk sorgawi. Dalam perspektif kovenan, Yesus Kristus merupakan pusat pemenuhan kovenan Allah. Yesus Kristus berhasil dalam memediasi hubungan antara Allah dengan manusia yang telah rusak oleh dosa. Supremasi Yesus Kristus juga menandakan keunggulannya dalam sistem keimaman. Supremasi Yesus Kristus menandakan bahwa Yesus Kristus unggul dalam mentaati kovenan kerja yang gagal ditaati manusia karena keberdosaannya. Ibrani 1:1-4 membingkai supremasi Yesus Kris…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: covenant theology
  topic: keywords
subject: Hebrews 1
  topic: keywords
subject: 1-4
  topic: keywords
subject: supremacy of Jesus
  topic: keywords
subject: Ibrani 1
  topic: keywords
subject: supremasi Yesus
  topic: keywords
subject: teologi kovenan
  topic: keywords
creator: Didit Yuliantono Adi
creator: Daniel Pesah Purwonogroho
creator: Endik Firmansah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-02-16
publication date: 2025-02-16
starting page: 66
ending page: 79
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.258

Memaknai Kepemimpinan Menurut Pola Persahabatan Yesus Berdasar Injil Yohanes 15:15
type: item
description: Leadership is always related to how leaders influence followers. The responsibility to trust and share leadership will arise from the friendship between leaders and followers. Good friendship means cultivating a vast network of positive behaviors and attitudes towards one another. Ideal leadership happens when leadership is based on love. Jesus loved all people, including those from diverse cultural, linguistic, and religious backgrounds. Jesus built a community with his disciples, then, now, and forever, where being a friend is a gift from Jesus. It is this principle of friendship that Jesus imposed on the disciples in John 15:15. Â Â Abstrak Kepemimpinan selalu berkaitan dengan bagaimana pemimpin mempengaruhi pengikut. Tanggung jawab untuk saling mempercayai dan berbagi satu sama lain dalam kepemimpinan akan muncul seiring dengan persahabatan yang terjalin antara pemimpin dan pengikut. Persahabatan yang baik berarti menciptakan jaringan yang luas dengan perilaku dan sikap yang positif, satu sama lain. Kepemimpinan yang ideal terjadi ketika kepemimpinan didasarkan pada kasih. Yesus mencintai semua orang pada umumnya, bahkan dengan latar belakang budaya, bahasa dan agama yang berbeda. Yesus membangun komunitas bersama murid-muridnya sejak dulu, kini dan selamanya, dimana keberadaan sahabat adalah anugrah dari Yesus. Prinsip sahabat inilah yang dikenakan Yesus pada murid-murid dalam Yohanes 15:15. Â Â
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Christian leadership
  topic: keywords
subject: friendship
  topic: keywords
subject: John 15
  topic: keywords
subject: 15
  topic: keywords
subject: trust
  topic: keywords
subject: kepemimpinan kristiani
  topic: keywords
subject: kepercayaan
  topic: keywords
subject: persahabatan
  topic: keywords
subject: Yohanes 15
  topic: keywords
creator: Taryono Sukamto
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-18
publication date: 2025-01-18
starting page: 1
ending page: 10
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.208

Politik Identitas dan Moderasi Beragama: Implikasi Teologis dalam Membangun Toleransi Sosial di Era Disrupsi
type: item
description: Identity politics has become a dominant phenomenon in modern societies, which sees the strengthening of groups based on religious, ethnic, and ideological identities. This dynamic, while providing a sense of belonging and solidarity within groups, has also led to profound social polarisation. In this context, religious moderation emerges as a crucial solution to ease tensions and foster peace in plural societies. This research aims to examine the relationship between identity politics and religious moderation in the formation of social tolerance, both in the digital space and in the real world, and to identify the theological implications that underlie tolerance attitudes. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative approach with a literature study component, which examines various literatures related to political theology, identity politics, and religious moderation. This research found that while identity politics can exacerbate social tensions, religious moderation provides an effective middle ground in embracing diversity. In addition, the actualisation of religious moderation in the digital space presents challenges in addressing the polarisation fostered by social media. The theological implications of religious moderation suggest that social tolerance can be grounded in principles that promote peace, mutual understanding, and respect for differences. Â Â Â Abstrak Politik identitas telah menjadi fenomena dominan dalam masyarakat modern, yang memperlihatkan penguatan kelompok berdasarkan identitas agama, etnis, dan ideologi. Dinamika ini, meskipun memberikan rasa kepemilikan dan solidaritas dalam kelompok, juga menimbulkan polarisasi sosial yang mendalam. Dalam konteks ini, moderasi beragama muncul sebagai solusi penting untuk meredakan ketegangan dan membangun kedamaian dalam masyarakat plural. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji hubungan antara politik identitas dan moderasi beragama dalam pembentukan toleransi sosial, baik di ruang dig…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: digital polarisation
  topic: keywords
subject: identity politics
  topic: keywords
subject: political theology
  topic: keywords
subject: religious moderation
  topic: keywords
subject: social tolerance
  topic: keywords
subject: moderasi beragama
  topic: keywords
subject: politik identitas
  topic: keywords
subject: polarisasi digital
  topic: keywords
subject: teologi politik
  topic: keywords
subject: toleransi sosial
  topic: keywords
creator: Reni Triposa
creator: Yonatan Alex Arifianto
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-16
publication date: 2025-01-16
starting page: 11
ending page: 23
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.261

Gambar Allah yang Terluka: Refleksi Teologis Human Trafficking Bagi Gereja di Indonesia
type: item
description: Human trafficking is a metamorphosis of slavery in the modern era. This human trafficking activity is conducted with violence, deception, and manipulates its target with enticing promises of reward, an actual form of controlling people's lives and forcefully seizing their dignity and freedom. The purpose of this study is to investigate the acts of human trafficking that corrupt the image of God before humans and to determine the theological reflection on God's image that is harmed by these acts. This research used qualitative descriptive and library research methods. The results of this study indicate that human trafficking is a distorted reflection of God’s image. This conclusion is based on the finding that the trafficking of humans is a crime against humanity because it controls the lives of others and eliminates their freedom. It is a legitimate form of structural injustice. Â Abstrak Praktik perdagangan manusia merupakan metamorfisis dari perbudakan di era modern. Aktivitas perdagangan manusia ini dilakukan dengan cara kekerasan, penipuan dan manipulasi yang dapat menarik minat dari para korban. Ini merupakan bentuk nyata pengendalian atas hidup manusia serta penghilangan secara paksa martabat dan kebebasan manusia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apa saja tindakan perdagangan manusia yang melukai gambar Allah pada manusia dan apa refleksi teologis dari gambar Allah yang terluka dari tindakan perdagangan manusia. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif deskriptif dan library research. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan perdagangan manusia merupakan cermin gambar Allah yang terluka. Kesimpulan ini didasarkan temuan bahwa perdagangan manusia adalah kejahatan kemanusiaan karena mengendalikan hidup orang lain, menghapus kebebasan orang lain, dan sebagai bentuk nyata ketidakadilan strukturan. Â Â
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: churches in Indonesia
  topic: keywords
subject: image of God
  topic: keywords
subject: perdagangan manusia
  topic: keywords
subject: gambar Allah
  topic: keywords
subject: gereja di Indonesia
  topic: keywords
creator: Hendric Kusnadi
creator: Hikman Sirait
creator: Royke J. Rambing
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-28
publication date: 2025-01-28
starting page: 55
ending page: 65
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.281

Transformasi Spiritual Jemaat dalam Pembacaan Kisah Para Rasul 4:23-31: Studi Kasus di Gereja Assembly of God Lembah Klang, Malaysia
type: item
description: Based on Acts 4:23-31, this study investigates the significance of prayer in the spiritual transformation of congregations, particularly in the Assembly of God Malaysia Klang Valley Church. Prayer can transform the entire church community, not just individual members. This study examines how the prayer of the early church served to strengthen faith, acknowledge God’s sovereignty, and inspire boldness in ministry using a qualitative methodology that included a case study and a literature review. The study's findings indicate that prayer in this church contributed to the congregation's cohesiveness, gave them confidence to witness, and created space for the Holy Spirit's activity. In conclusion, prayer-based spiritual transformation not only resulted in personal spiritual growth but also fostered spiritual transformation and strengthened the church community to face contemporary difficulties. Â Abstrak Dengan mengacu pada Kisah Para Rasul 4:23–31, penelitian ini menyelidiki signifikansi doa dalam perubahan spiritualitas jemaat, khususnya di gereja Assembly of God Lembah Klang, Malaysia. Doa memiliki kapasitas untuk mengubah komunitas gereja secara keseluruhan, bukan hanya individu. Penelitian ini meneliti bagaimana doa jemaat mula-mula berfungsi untuk memperkuat iman, mengakui kedaulatan Tuhan, dan mengilhami keberanian dalam pelayanan dengan menggunakan metodologi kualitatif yang mencakup studi kasus dan tinjauan pustaka. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa doa di gereja ini berkontribusi pada kekompakan jemaat, memberi mereka keyakinan untuk bersaksi, dan menciptakan ruang bagi aktivitas Roh Kudus. Kesimpulannya, transformasi rohani yang berbasis doa tidak hanya menghasilkan pertumbuhan spiritualitas pribadi tetapi juga menumbuhkan transformasi rohani dan memperkuat komunitas gereja untuk menghadapi kesulitan-kesulitan kontemporer. Â Â
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Acts 4
  topic: keywords
subject: 23-31
  topic: keywords
subject: Assembly of God Lembah Klang
  topic: keywords
subject: Malaysia
  topic: keywords
subject: prayer
  topic: keywords
subject: spiritual transformation
  topic: keywords
subject: doa
  topic: keywords
subject: Kisah para Rasul 4
  topic: keywords
subject: transformasi spiritual
  topic: keywords
creator: Sarah Andrianti
creator: Rasit Anak Unyu
creator: Andrey Philemon Laihad
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-26
publication date: 2025-01-26
starting page: 39
ending page: 54
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.268

Memaknai "Pengampunan Tujuh Puluh Kali Tujuh Kali" dalam Bingkai Menjaga Keharmonisan Hubungan Suami-Istri
type: item
description: Forgiveness is a sincere arrangement of will and decision-making given by a person to the perpetrator. Forgiveness is not the implementation of a trial; rather, it is the manifestation of sincere mercy from one person to another. However, Christians often do not understand true forgiveness. As a result, the granting of forgiveness has limitations. Therefore, through this article, the author tries to find answers about the meaning of forgiveness seventy times seven. This study employs a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, drawing on sources from the Bible and relevant literature related to the topic of discussion. Based on the results of research conducted through Bible studies and literature related to the topic of debate, the meaning of forgiveness seventy times seven, as conveyed by the Lord Jesus, can be explained. Â Â Â Abstrak Pengampunan merupakan penataan kehendak serta pembuatan keputusan yang tulus diberikan oleh seseorang kepada pelaku. Pengampunan bukan pelaksanaan pengadilan, tetapi pengampunan adalah pelaksanaan belas kasihan yang tulus keluar dari seseorang pada orang lain. Namun seringkali orang Kristen tidak memahami pengampunan yang susungguhnya. Akibatnya memberi pengampunan dengan ada batasnya. Oleh karena itu melalui tulisan ini penulis mencoba mencari jawaban tentang makna pengampunan tujuh puluh kali tujuh kali. Penelitian ini menggunakan Metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif dengan sumber dari Alkitab serta literatur yang berkaitan dengan topik pembahasan. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan melalui studi Alkitab dan literasi yang berkaitan dengan topik pembahasan dapat dijelaskan makna pengampunan tujuh puluh kali tujuh yang disamapikan oleh Tuhan Yesus.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: forgiveness
  topic: keywords
subject: husband-wife relationship
  topic: keywords
subject: marital harmony
  topic: keywords
subject: Matthew 18
  topic: keywords
subject: 21-22
  topic: keywords
subject: seventy times seven
  topic: keywords
subject: hubungan suami-istri
  topic: keywords
subject: keharmonisan pernikahan
  topic: keywords
subject: Matius 18
  topic: keywords
subject: pengampunan
  topic: keywords
subject: tujuh puluh kali tujuh kali
  topic: keywords
creator: Desriaman Zega
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2025-01-30
publication date: 2025-01-30
starting page: 24
ending page: 38
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v8i1.264

“Kekayaan yang Menumbuhkan Sayap”: Faktor Tindakan-Evaluasi terhadap Disorientasi Penggunaan Harta dalam Kajian Interpretatif Amsal 23:4-5
type: item
description: The book of Proverbs stands out in the wisdom genre due to its use of figurative language, including comparison, substitution, addition, and parallelism. The interpretation of Proverbs 10-29 reveals a unique use of figurative language in the expression 'riches that grow wings' found in Proverbs 23:4-5. There has been a difference in interpretation between Thomas Ulrich and Kojo Okyere regarding the figurative use of the phrase 'wealth that grows wings'. Ulrich and Okyere believe it refers to building organizational relationships and exercising self-control when using wealth earned through one's work. However, this article's qualitative study of the sub-interpretative design of the wisdom genre, which focuses on the use of figurative language, inter-topic context, and parallelism structure, reveals that the expression 'wealth that grows wings' in Proverbs 23:4-5 serves as an action-evaluation factor against hasty action and a reminder of the futility of using wealth. The interpretation's findings are based on a stylistic debate of each stitch line of Proverbs that relates reciprocally to character building in Proverbs 23:4-5. Abstrak Kitab Amsal memberikan suatu kekhasan dari sudut pandang genre hikmat, khususnya pada penggunaan bahasa kiasan (gaya bahasa perbandingan, penggantian, penambahan) dan pemakaian paralelisme (kesejajaran). Interpretasi dalam kumpulan-kumpulan Amsal 10-29 menunjukkan adanya penggunaan bahasa kiasan yang unik terhadap ungkapan “kekayaan yang menumbuhkan sayap” dalam Kitab Amsal 23:4-5. Sejauh ini, terjadi kesenjangan interpretasi antara Thomas Ulrich dan Kojo Okyere terhadap maksud dari penggunaan bahasa kiasan “kekayaan yang menumbuhkan sayap” yang hanya berorientasi pada sarana terhadap relasi organisasi dan pengendalian diri kepada pemakaian harta sebagai suatu hasil dari pekerjaan seseorang. Namun begitu, dengan menjalankan suatu kajian kualitatif sub interpretative design genre hikmat (berpusat pada penggunaan gaya bahasa kiasan, kontek…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: action-evaluation
  topic: keywords
subject: figurative language
  topic: keywords
subject: parallelism
  topic: keywords
subject: Proverbs 23
  topic: keywords
subject: 4-5
  topic: keywords
subject: Amsal 23
  topic: keywords
subject: bahasa kiasan
  topic: keywords
subject: paralelisme
  topic: keywords
subject: tindakan-evaluasi
  topic: keywords
creator: Farel Yosua Sualang
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo
date: 2024-08-14
publication date: 2024-08-14
starting page: 1
ending page: 15
doi: 10.46929/graciadeo.v7i1.209